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Neutrophils use an enzyme called neutrophil elastase (NE) to cleave bacteria. Human neutrophils release NE which looks like a fibrous structure like webs. These webs, able to trap bacteria, are called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). These webs are constituted of NE, other proteins, and copious amounts of DNA.
It is important to keep in mind that NETs would allow in healthy subjects to tightly control NETs release thus minimizing negative consequences of a massive inflammatory response.
NET components act as alarm signals, macrophages and dendritic cells are activated by the NET components, which leads them to produce proinflammatory mediators.
The other side of NETs beneficial alerting function involves the believe that NETs can be subverted by malignant cells to facilitate metastasis. Indeed, NET-associated proteins could wake up dormant cancer cells and covert them in metastatic cells.
These two aspects of the NETs functions should be evaluated, monitored and modulated in the contest of new drugs clinical plan development.
We now have clear evidence of massive and chronic inflammation are connected with cancer. Thus, the incremental interest in fighting inflammation with multiple and innovative approaches.
Significantly clinical development plan challenges are anticipated for the development of new cancer drugs that modulate the NET formation.
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